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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2025

Motor Dual-Tasks for Gait Analysis and Evaluation in Post-Stroke Patients
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Within-session dual-task walking practice improves gait variability in older adults with multiple sclerosis.

Manuel E Hernandez1, Robert W Motl2, Frederick W Foley3

  • 1Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States; Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States; Neuroscience Program, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States; Beckman Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.

Gait & Posture
|March 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Older adults with multiple sclerosis (MS) exhibit greater gait variability than healthy older adults, especially during dual-task walking. Practice significantly reduced gait variability in both groups, potentially lowering fall risk.

Keywords:
AgingDual-task walkingGait variabilityMultiple sclerosis

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neurology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Increased gait variability is a known risk factor for falls in aging populations and individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Limited research compares gait variability between older adults with MS (OAMS) and healthy older adults (HOA) under various walking conditions.
  • The potential for practice to improve gait variability in these groups remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if OAMS exhibit higher gait variability compared to HOA, particularly during dual-task walking (DTW) versus single-task walking (STW).
  • To investigate whether within-session practice can decrease gait variability in both OAMS and HOA.
  • To examine if practice effects on gait variability are more pronounced under DTW compared to STW.

Main Methods:

  • The study involved 97 OAMS and 113 HOA, assessing gait variability during repeated STW and DTW trials.
  • Gait variability was measured using the Coefficient of Variation (CV) for stride velocity, stride length, and swing time.
  • Practice effects were evaluated over three counterbalanced STW and DTW conditions within a single session.

Main Results:

  • OAMS consistently showed significantly higher gait variability than HOA across all measures and conditions (P < 0.001).
  • Gait variability was significantly greater during DTW compared to STW for all measures (P < 0.05).
  • Within-session practice led to significant reductions in gait variability for both OAMS and HOA (P < 0.01), with notable decreases in temporal gait variability under DTW (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • OAMS demonstrate elevated gait variability compared to HOA, highlighting a potential increased fall risk.
  • Both OAMS and HOA benefit from practice, showing reduced temporal and spatial gait variability.
  • Interventions incorporating practice may be effective in mitigating fall risk by improving gait stability, particularly in challenging dual-task scenarios.