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A Pocket Laboratory for Functional Neuroimaging Research Using Mobile Visual Oddball, Multimodal

Peter Rokowski1, Meltem Izzetoglu1, Luis Gomero1

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Villanova University, 800 E. Lancaster Ave, Villanova, PA, 19085, United States, 1 610-519-4500.

JMIR Neurotechnology
|April 17, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Wearable Cognitive Assessment and Augmentation Toolkit (WearCAAT) enables mobile neuroimaging, validating its use for cognitive assessment outside the lab. This technology supports ecological validity in brain activity studies.

Keywords:
fNIRSfunctional near-infrared spectroscopymobile brain and body imagingneuroimagingpocket laboratorysmartphone data collection

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Observing brain activity in natural environments is crucial for understanding cognition.
  • Wearable neuroimaging (EEG, fNIRS) lacks portable tools for ecologically valid studies.
  • Smartphones offer a platform for mobile "pocket laboratories".

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate the Wearable Cognitive Assessment and Augmentation Toolkit (WearCAAT) for functional neuroimaging research.
  • To analyze human participant data collected during an NIH-funded study using WearCAAT.
  • To demonstrate the platform's utility in multimodal neuroimaging settings.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized WearCAAT with healthy college-aged adults (ages 18-30) performing shortened neurocognitive tasks (4 min each).
  • Collected multimodal data using research-grade electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) sensors.
  • Analyzed behavioral responses and neuroimaging correlates, focusing on the visual oddball task for P300 (EEG) and oxygenated hemoglobin (fNIRS) changes.

Main Results:

  • 57 participants (27 male, 30 female) completed the study; 4 excluded due to technical errors.
  • Increased mean response times for infrequent stimuli (718 ms) vs. frequent stimuli (542 ms) (P<.001).
  • Observed higher P300 amplitudes (EEG) over midline regions and increased oxygenated hemoglobin (fNIRS) over the prefrontal cortex.

Conclusions:

  • WearCAAT outcomes for the visual oddball task align with existing literature, demonstrating initial validity.
  • The platform shows promise for neurocognitive imaging in mobile, ecologically valid settings.
  • This represents a novel approach to dedicated neuroimaging using a mobile "pocket laboratory".