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Relationships between trace elements and atherosclerosis.

T G Aalbers, J P Houtman

    The Science of the Total Environment
    |June 1, 1985
    PubMed
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    Trace element concentrations in human tissues are linked to cardiovascular disease. Cadmium (Cd) showed a positive correlation, while copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) showed negative correlations with atherosclerosis severity.

    Area of Science:

    • Environmental Health
    • Cardiovascular Medicine
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Trace elements play a role in biological processes, and their dysregulation is implicated in disease.
    • Literature suggests trace elements may influence cardiovascular disease (CVD) development.
    • Both suboptimal and supraoptimal trace element levels could contribute to atherosclerotic lesions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between trace element concentrations in human tissues and cardiovascular disease.
    • To quantify the degree of atherosclerosis in specific arteries to assess CVD severity.
    • To explore potential correlations between various trace elements and the progression of atherosclerosis.

    Main Methods:

    • Autopsy samples from 200 individuals were analyzed for trace element concentrations (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Zn) in heart, liver, kidney, aorta, rib, and hair.

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  • A novel measurement method was developed to quantify atherosclerosis in the left coronary artery (LAD) and abdominal aorta.
  • Statistical analyses included comparing extreme atherosclerosis groups and stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR), with age adjustment.

    • Main Results:

    • Cadmium (Cd) concentration was positively correlated with the degree of atherosclerosis.
    • Copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) concentrations were negatively correlated with atherosclerosis.
    • Incorporating traditional CVD risk factors did not enhance the explained variance in atherosclerosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Specific trace elements, notably Cd, Cu, Co, Se, and Zn, exhibit significant correlations with the severity of atherosclerosis.
    • These findings suggest a potential role for trace element balance in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease.
    • Further research may elucidate the mechanisms underlying these trace element-atherosclerosis associations.