Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 20, 2025

Expired CO2 Measurement in Intubated or Spontaneously Breathing Patients from the Emergency Department
Published on: January 29, 2011
Changes in lung aeration with high-flow nasal cannula compared to nasal CPAP in preterm infants
Anup Katheria1, Felix Ines2, Judith Hough3
1Neonatal Research Institute, Sharp Mary Birch Hospital for Women & Newborns, San Diego, CA, USA. anup.katheria@sharp.com.
Objective:
To compare the degree of atelectasis in preterm infants on nasal continuous airway pressure (nCPAP) versus high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) at 8 L/min.
Study Design:
A cross-over study of infants <29 weeks gestational age (GA) receiving nCPAP and underwent 6-hours of HFNC at 8 L/min before returning to nCPAP. Electrical Impedance Tomography was used to measure lung aeration.
Results:
78 infants with median GA of 27 weeks [26, 28] were studied. HFNC was non-inferior to CPAP across the 4 periods (overall mean 2.1 ± 2.9, lower bound of confidence interval -0.9). Infants that failed HFNC had higher dependent silent spaces (DSS) measurements (1.6[0.48, 4.7] vs 0.30[0.0, 2.7], P = 0.046).
Conclusion:
This study of premature infants <29 weeks GA at birth demonstrated that HFNC was non-inferior to nCPAP as measured by DSS. Infants that failed HFNC had a higher percentage of DSS than those who tolerated HFNC for 6 hours suggesting decreased lung aeration.
Clinicaltrials:
gov ID: NCT03700606.
More Related Videos
07:51Evaluation of Capnography Sampling Line Compatibility and Accuracy when Used with a Portable Capnography Monitor
Published on: September 29, 2020
04:56Laryngeal Mask Airway LMA Placement in a Neonatal Patient Simulator Using a Non-Inflatable Supraglottic Airway SGA
Published on: July 14, 2023
Related Concept Videos
Administering Oxygen by Nasal Cannula
Nasal Cannulas
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split into two prongs placed in the nostrils,...
Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask
Nasal Cannula
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split at one end into two prongs and placed in the nostrils. It is typically used to deliver low to medium levels of oxygen.
Suggested flow rate: The suggested flow rate for a nasal cannula typically ranges between 1 and 6 L/min.
Oxygen percentage setting:...
Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation
Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation...
Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen
Venturi Mask
The Venturi mask, named after the Venturi effect, is designed to deliver precise oxygen concentrations. It consists of a large tube with an oxygen inlet that narrows down, causing a pressure drop that pulls air in through adjustable side ports. The mask is a lightweight,...
Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
Ventilatory Modes
There are three ventilatory modes: full support, partial support, and spontaneous. These are described below.
Full Support Modes
Full support modes include controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory...