Host restriction factors against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus: a mini-review

Porcine epidemic diarrhea is an acute contagious disease caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), which severely constrains the development of the global swine industry. Host restriction factors constitute a vital defensive barrier against viral infections, typically interacting with viruses at specific stages of their replication process to disrupt it. Considering that traditional PEDV vaccines often struggle to effectively activate mucosal immunity in sows and thereby fail to provide reliable passive immunity to piglets via milk, this review focuses on the host restriction factors that play crucial roles in restricting PEDV infection and replication. The aim is to identify potential targets for the development of anti-PEDV drugs and offer insights for the exploration of novel vaccine adjuvants.