An updated patent review of antitumor macrocyclic kinase inhibitors (2019 present)

Small molecule kinase inhibitors are crucial in the treatment of tumors, and the development of novel inhibitors is a primary approach to combat the continuous emergence of drug resistance. Macrocyclization has emerged as a cutting-edge strategy to enhance the potency, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic properties of these inhibitors by altering their biological and physicochemical characteristics compared to their acyclic counterparts.

The present article provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in macrocyclic small molecule inhibitors and their inhibitory activities against various cancer cells, which have been patented since 2019.

To date, small-molecule kinase inhibitors have demonstrated remarkable therapeutic efficacy in clinical settings. Recent patents have primarily focused on addressing challenges associated with resistance mutations. Despite the significant success achieved in developing selective kinase agents, the identification of new targets and emergence of novel mutations necessitate the development of novel small-molecule inhibitors. Macrocyclic compounds possess distinctive conformational constraints, enhanced inhibitor potency and selectivity, as well as favorable pharmacokinetic properties, rendering them safe, efficient, selective, low-toxicity agents with unique structural characteristic.