Overall Sleep Quality Is Associated With Advanced Stages in Patients With Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Nephrology
• Endocrinology
• Sleep Medicine
• Public Health

Background:

• The American Heart Association defined cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome in 2023, highlighting links between obesity, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease.
• CKM syndrome represents a complex interplay of metabolic, renal, and cardiovascular health.
• Understanding factors influencing CKM syndrome progression is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between overall sleep quality and the progression of CKM syndrome.
• To determine if better sleep quality correlates with less advanced stages of CKM syndrome.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional analysis of US adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2015-2020).
• Overall sleep quality was assessed using five key behaviors: sleep duration, trouble sleeping, daytime sleepiness, snoring, and nocturia.
• CKM syndrome was staged from 0 (no risk factors) to 4 (clinical cardiovascular disease), with stages 3 and 4 considered advanced. Multivariable logistic regression was employed.

Main Results:

• The study included 12,245 adults; 10,607 met CKM syndrome criteria.
• 1,677 participants were categorized into advanced CKM syndrome (stages 3-4).
• Compared to low sleep quality, moderate sleep quality showed a reduced odds ratio (0.68) for advanced CKM syndrome, while high sleep quality showed a further reduction (0.55).

Conclusions:

• Higher overall sleep quality is significantly associated with a lower likelihood of advanced CKM syndrome.
• These findings underscore the importance of sleep quality as a modifiable factor in managing CKM syndrome.
• Promoting better sleep hygiene may be a key strategy in preventing severe CKM syndrome outcomes.