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Extended reality for neurocognitive assessment: A systematic review
Khalid Bello1, Faisal Aqlan1, William Harrington1
1University of Louisville, Louisville KY, USA.
Journal of Psychiatric Research
|March 25, 2025
Summary
Extended reality (XR) technologies, including virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), show promise for neurocognitive assessment, offering more engaging and ecologically valid evaluations than traditional methods.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience and technology
- Cognitive assessment methodologies
Background:
- Traditional neurocognitive assessments have limitations in ecological validity and engagement.
- Extended Reality (XR) technologies offer immersive and interactive platforms for cognitive evaluation.
Approach:
- Systematic review of literature on augmented reality (AR), mixed reality (MR), and virtual reality (VR) for neurocognitive assessment.
- Inclusion criteria focused on studies evaluating XR for neurocognitive domains with outcomes on diagnostic accuracy or usability.
Key Points:
- 28 studies were reviewed, with VR (26 studies) being the most common XR technology used.
- XR tools demonstrated higher sensitivity, ecological validity, and engagement compared to traditional methods.
- AR showed potential for cognitive impairment detection, while MR was not utilized in reviewed studies.
Conclusions:
- XR technologies provide a transformative approach to neurocognitive assessment, surpassing traditional methods.
- Limitations include high costs, technical challenges, and motion sickness.
- Future research should enhance accessibility, user interfaces, and incorporate social-emotional dynamics for realistic assessments.

