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Updated: May 20, 2025
Production of Human CRISPR-Engineered CAR-T Cells
Published on: March 15, 2021
CRISPR/Cas technologies for cancer drug discovery and treatment
Kevin C Wang1, Tiffany Zheng1, Basil P Hubbard1
1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
Abstract:
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) tools are revolutionizing the establishment of genotype-phenotype relationships and are transforming cell- and gene-based therapies. In the field of oncology, CRISPR/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9), Cas12, and Cas13 have advanced the generation of cancer models, the study of tumor evolution, the identification of target genes involved in cancer growth, and the discovery of genes involved in chemosensitivity and resistance. Moreover, preclinical therapeutic strategies employing CRISPR/Cas have emerged. These include the generation of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells and engineered immune cells, and the use of precision anticancer gene-editing agents to inactivate driver oncogenes, suppress tumor support genes, and cull cancer cells in response to genetic circuit output. This review summarizes the collective impact that CRISPR technology has had on basic and applied cancer research, and highlights the promises and challenges facing its clinical translation.
Insights
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) technology is transforming cancer research and therapies. CRISPR tools advance cancer models, gene editing, and the development of novel cancer treatments, despite clinical translation challenges.
Area of Science:
- Biotechnology
- Oncology
- Genetics
Background:
- CRISPR technology is revolutionizing genotype-phenotype relationship studies and cell/gene therapies.
- CRISPR/Cas systems (Cas9, Cas12, Cas13) are pivotal in oncology research.
- Applications include cancer model generation, tumor evolution studies, and identifying drug sensitivity genes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the impact of CRISPR technology on basic and applied cancer research.
- To highlight the advancements in cancer models and preclinical therapeutic strategies.
- To discuss the promises and challenges of CRISPR's clinical translation in oncology.
Main Methods:
- Review of CRISPR applications in cancer research.
- Analysis of CRISPR/Cas9, Cas12, and Cas13 in oncology.
- Examination of preclinical therapeutic strategies using CRISPR/Cas.
Main Results:
- CRISPR tools accelerate cancer model generation and tumor evolution studies.
- CRISPR facilitates the identification of genes related to cancer growth, chemosensitivity, and resistance.
- Preclinical strategies include CAR-T cell generation and precision gene editing for cancer therapy.
Conclusions:
- CRISPR technology significantly impacts fundamental and applied cancer research.
- CRISPR-based therapies show promise for oncology, including engineered immune cells and gene editing agents.
- Clinical translation of CRISPR in cancer faces challenges that require further investigation.
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