Recurrent pleural effusion: a case of metastatic melanoma 12 years after initial diagnosis

Pleural effusion caused by metastatic melanoma is uncommon, occurring in only 2% of cases, and is associated with a poor prognosis. Despite its rarity, it is critical to consider melanoma as a potential underlying cause when evaluating pleural effusion, especially in patients with a history of melanoma. Most metastases occur within the first 3-5 years after diagnosis. This case report highlights an unusual presentation of amelanotic pleural effusion that developed 12 years after the initial melanoma diagnosis. The prolonged latency emphasizes the importance of long-term follow-up for patients and maintaining a high suspicion of melanoma when evaluating metastatic pleural effusion.