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Related Experiment Video

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Cortical Source Analysis of High-Density EEG Recordings in Children
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Amplitude of Intracranial Induced Electric Fields Does Not Linearly Decrease with Age: A Computational Study of

Jianxu Zhang1, Zilong Yan1, Anshun Kang2

  • 1School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.

Biosensors
|March 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The electric field from transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) in the brain shows a U-shaped pattern with age, not a linear decline. Local anatomy significantly impacts TES effects across the adult lifespan.

Keywords:
ageanatomic parameterselectric fieldindividual variabilitytranscranial electrical stimulation (tES)

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Computational Modeling

Background:

  • Transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) is a key tool for neural modulation.
  • Understanding how age affects the induced electric field is crucial for optimizing TES efficacy.
  • Electric field distribution and magnitude are critical determinants of neural modulation outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related changes in cortical electric fields induced by TES.
  • To identify anatomical determinants influencing the electric field across the adult lifespan.
  • To compare electric field patterns and intensities in different age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized SimNIBS software for realistic head model reconstruction from 476 individuals (18-88 years old).
  • Calculated cortical electric fields for four common electrode montages.
  • Analyzed age-group differences (10-year spans) and employed stepwise regression for anatomical parameter influence.

Main Results:

  • Cortical electric field variability was highest in adolescents (<20) and the elderly (>80).
  • The induced electric field exhibited a U-shaped pattern across the adult lifespan, not a linear decrease with age.
  • Local anatomical parameters (e.g., scalp/skull thickness) had a greater impact on electric field amplitude than global parameters.

Conclusions:

  • Age-dependent variations in brain anatomy significantly alter TES-induced electric fields.
  • The U-shaped age trajectory necessitates age-specific considerations for TES application.
  • Individual anatomical differences, particularly local ones, are critical for predicting TES outcomes across diverse age groups.