Possibilities of Restoring Impaired Cognitive Functions Using Non-Invasive Activation of Neuroplasticity Mechanisms

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Cognitive Rehabilitation
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Cognitive impairments in Central Nervous System (CNS) diseases necessitate effective restoration methods.
• Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) leverages neuroplasticity for therapeutic benefits.
• Recent research focuses on optimizing NIBS parameters and incorporating patient-specific feedback.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent literature (last 5 years) on non-invasive brain stimulation for cognitive function restoration.
• To analyze the impact of different NIBS conditions and parameters on treatment outcomes.
• To present novel findings on EEG-guided light and music stimulation for cognitive recovery.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review of publications from the last five years.
• Analysis of NIBS techniques, including those with and without biofeedback.
• Evaluation of priming strategies to enhance neuroplasticity.
• Experimental application of electroencephalogram (EEG)-guided photic and music stimulation.

Main Results:

• NIBS, with or without patient biofeedback, demonstrates efficacy in restoring cognitive functions.
• Priming neuroplasticity processes can enhance the effectiveness of NIBS interventions.
• EEG-guided light and music stimulation successfully restored impaired cognitive functions in the authors' research.
• Varied NIBS parameters and organizational conditions influence treatment outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Non-invasive brain stimulation is a viable strategy for addressing cognitive deficits in CNS disorders.
• Tailoring NIBS parameters and incorporating patient-specific feedback, such as EEG data, optimizes therapeutic potential.
• Light and music stimulation, guided by EEG, offers a promising avenue for cognitive rehabilitation.