Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Significance of Membrane Transport01:44

The Significance of Membrane Transport

21.1K
The transport of solutes across the cell membrane is essential for metabolic processes, like maintaining cell size and volume, generating the action potential, exchanging nutrients and gases, etc. Membrane transport can be either passive or active. It can be simple diffusion, facilitated, or mediated transport aided by transport proteins such as transporters and channels.
Transporters facilitate either an active or passive movement of solutes. They can allow a single-molecule transport down its...
21.1K
Carrier-Mediated Transport01:06

Carrier-Mediated Transport

225
Carrier-mediated transport is a pivotal process in drug absorption, particularly for lipid-insoluble drugs, and encompasses facilitated diffusion and active transport. Facilitated diffusion allows drugs to move along their concentration gradient without energy expenditure, while active transport utilizes ATP to drive drug movement against this gradient.
Active transport involves two types of membrane-spanning transporters: uptake and efflux. Uptake transporters are expressed in the small...
225
Membrane Transporters01:31

Membrane Transporters

10.1K
Transporters are essential membrane transport proteins with functions related to cell nutrition, homeostasis, communication, etc. Approximately 7% of all genes in the human genome code for transporters or transporter-related proteins.
Transporters are mainly composed of alpha-helices, built from bundles of ten or more helices traversing the plasma membrane. The solute-binding sites are located midway, where some of the helices are broken or distorted, making space for the binding site through...
10.1K
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

4.1K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
4.1K
Protein Transport into the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane01:34

Protein Transport into the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

3.6K
Nuclear encoded mitochondrial precursors are imported to the inner membrane in a multistep process involving two separate translocons, TIM22 and TIM23. TIM23 is a cation-selective pore that remains closed by the N terminal segment of the protein. Negative charges on the TIM23 act as a receptor for the incoming precursor, pulling the positively charged matrix-targeting sequence for peptide insertion and translocation.
Transport of mitochondrial precursors across the TIM23 channel is driven by...
3.6K
ABC Transporters: Importer01:27

ABC Transporters: Importer

2.7K
ATP-binding cassette or ABC transporters are a class of ATP-driven pumps that hydrolyze ATP to move solutes across the membrane. They can be grouped into importers and exporters. While exporters are present in all domains of life, importers exist only in bacteria and some plants.
In bacteria, based on the number of transmembrane helices and the chemical nature of their substrates, the ABC importers can be divided into three types:
2.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Inhibition of Pax6 sumoylation suppresses the tumorigenicity of pancreatic cancer cells.

Cell death and differentiation·2026
Same author

Experiences and needs of informal caregivers for respite care: A mixed-methods systematic review.

Geriatric nursing (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Salicylic acid promotes salinity stress tolerance of grapevine by enhancing photosynthesis, ionic homeostasis, and antioxidant defense.

BMC plant biology·2026
Same author

Successful diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune hepatitis leading to liver failure following PD-1 immunotherapy in a patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a case report.

Frontiers in oncology·2026
Same author

Early-life air pollution exposure: epigenetics and child allergy.

Epigenomics·2026
Same author

Metabolomic profiling and identification of flavonoids related compounds in peanut seed oils for inhibition of aspergillus flavus growth.

Food chemistry·2026
Same journal

The BRCA1-A complex restricts replication fork reversal-dependent DNA repair in ATM deficient cells.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Signaling downstream of tumor-stroma interaction regulates mucinous colorectal adenocarcinoma apicobasal polarity.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Click-polymerized polyenamine membranes for efficient lithium extraction.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Joint trajectories of brain atrophy, white matter hyperintensities and cognition quantify brain maintenance.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Proton shuttling at electrochemical interfaces under alkaline hydrogen evolution.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

metilene<sup>3</sup>: identifying DMRs across multiple conditions with auto-classification.

Nature communications·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2025

Purification of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Protein Expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
15:12

Purification of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Protein Expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: May 10, 2014

14.5K

Structural insights into thyroid hormone transporter MCT8.

Jiaxin Tan1, Yuan Xiao1, Fang Kong1

  • 1Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.

Nature Communications
|March 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Structural insights into thyroid hormone transport reveal how Monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) binds T3 and inhibitors. This clarifies mechanisms for Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome therapies.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carrier Transporters Using Codon-Optimized Genes
07:10

Author Spotlight: Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carrier Transporters Using Codon-Optimized Genes

Published on: September 29, 2023

2.8K
Study of the Functions and Activities of Neuronal K-Cl Co-Transporter KCC2 Using Western Blotting
10:08

Study of the Functions and Activities of Neuronal K-Cl Co-Transporter KCC2 Using Western Blotting

Published on: December 9, 2022

2.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 20, 2025

Purification of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Protein Expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
15:12

Purification of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Protein Expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: May 10, 2014

14.5K
Author Spotlight: Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carrier Transporters Using Codon-Optimized Genes
07:10

Author Spotlight: Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carrier Transporters Using Codon-Optimized Genes

Published on: September 29, 2023

2.8K
Study of the Functions and Activities of Neuronal K-Cl Co-Transporter KCC2 Using Western Blotting
10:08

Study of the Functions and Activities of Neuronal K-Cl Co-Transporter KCC2 Using Western Blotting

Published on: December 9, 2022

2.1K

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Structural Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Thyroid hormones (THs), including T3 and T4, regulate critical physiological processes like metabolism and development.
  • Monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) is essential for TH transport, and its dysfunction causes Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome (AHDS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the structural mechanisms of human MCT8 in substrate recognition and transport.
  • To determine the binding mode of the inhibitor silychristin to MCT8.

Main Methods:

  • Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to determine the structures of human MCT8.
  • Biochemical analyses to complement structural findings.

Main Results:

  • The cryo-EM structures of human MCT8 in an outward-open conformation bound to T3 or silychristin were resolved at 3.0-3.2 Å.
  • MCT8 forms a homodimer with a lipid molecule at the interface.
  • Specific interactions were identified between MCT8 and T3 (Arg371, hydrophobic cavities) and between MCT8 and silychristin.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides detailed structural insights into MCT8's substrate and inhibitor binding mechanisms.
  • Findings may guide the development of targeted therapies for TH-related disorders and AHDS.