Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send blood...

Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output

Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output

Cardiac Output
Cardiac output (CO) refers to the total amount of blood ejected by one of the ventricles in liters per minute (L/min). In a resting adult, CO ranges from 5 to 6 L/min, adjusting according to the body's metabolic requirements.
Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output
Cardiac output adapts to metabolic demands during stress, physical activity, or illness. The autonomic nervous system regulates heart rate via the sinoatrial node. The parasympathetic nervous system decreases heart rate...

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

At the Edge of the Possible: A New Standard for Cardiovascular Critical Care.

Cardiology clinics·2026

Same author

Real-time cardiac power output index predicts imminent need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after heart transplantation.

JHLT open·2026

Same author

Phenotype-Guided Mechanical Circulatory Support in Cardiogenic Shock: Signal, Noise, or a Path to Precision Care?

Journal of cardiac failure·2026

Same author

Vasoplegia as a distinct hemodynamic phenotype after heart transplantation: Prevalence, determinants, and clinical consequences despite preserved allograft function.

The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery·2026

Same author

ELSO-score: A practical pre-ECMO risk model for predicting in-hospital mortality in patients receiving VA-ECMO.

International journal of cardiology·2026

Same author

Is pulse pressure a mediator in the relationship between hyperoxemia and acute brain injury in veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) patients? An ELSO registry study.

Perfusion·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Implantation of Total Artificial Heart in Congenital Heart Disease

Implantation of Total Artificial Heart in Congenital Heart Disease

Published on: July 18, 2014

BTT-ECMO Trends and Outcomes Under Revised Heart Allocation System.

Aniket S Rali^1,2, Het Patel³, Matthew M Lander⁴

¹Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.

|March 27, 2025

Summary

The revised heart allocation system benefits patients bridged to transplant with VA-ECMO (venovenous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation), maintaining favorable outcomes and reducing waitlist mortality.

Keywords:

ECMO Heart transplantation Outcomes UNOS

More Related Videos

Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement

Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement

Published on: March 26, 2018

Lung Rapid Recovery Procurement Combined with Abdominal Normothermic Regional Perfusion in Controlled Donation after Circulatory Death

Lung Rapid Recovery Procurement Combined with Abdominal Normothermic Regional Perfusion in Controlled Donation after Circulatory Death

Published on: August 15, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Implantation of Total Artificial Heart in Congenital Heart Disease

Implantation of Total Artificial Heart in Congenital Heart Disease

Published on: July 18, 2014

Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement

Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement

Published on: March 26, 2018

Lung Rapid Recovery Procurement Combined with Abdominal Normothermic Regional Perfusion in Controlled Donation after Circulatory Death

Lung Rapid Recovery Procurement Combined with Abdominal Normothermic Regional Perfusion in Controlled Donation after Circulatory Death

Published on: August 15, 2022

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Transplantation Medicine
Medical Devices

Background:

The revised UNOS heart allocation system aimed to improve outcomes for critically ill patients.
The use of VA-ECMO (venovenous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) for bridging patients to heart transplant has increased.
Long-term persistence of improved outcomes under the new system for BTT-ECMO patients was unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the sustained impact of the revised UNOS heart allocation system on waitlist and post-transplant outcomes for patients bridged with VA-ECMO.
To assess trends in BTT-ECMO utilization and its association with patient outcomes after heart transplantation.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of the UNOS database.
Inclusion of adult heart-only BTT-ECMO recipients from January 2019 to December 2022.
Evaluation of waitlist mortality and 1-year post-transplant outcomes.

Main Results:

Waitlist mortality remained favorable for BTT-ECMO patients under the revised allocation system.
One-year post-transplant outcomes were sustained at favorable levels.
Increased utilization of BTT-ECMO did not negatively impact these outcomes.

Conclusions:

The revised UNOS heart allocation system continues to ensure timely transplantation for the sickest patients bridged with VA-ECMO.
Sustained favorable waitlist and post-transplant outcomes support the effectiveness of the current allocation strategy.
The findings validate the system's goal of improving survival without increasing post-transplant mortality.