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Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Therapeutic Gene Delivery and Transfection in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells using Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-targeted Gelatin Nanoparticles
Published on: January 4, 2012
In vitro and in vivo PK/PD evaluation of glibenclamide nanosponges
Marwa G Zaima1, Shadeed Gad2, Hany M Ibrahim1,3
1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt.
Aim:
This study aimed to develop glibenclamide (GLC)-loaded nanosponges (NS) using β-cyclodextrin to improve dissolution rate and oral bioavailability of GLC.
Methods:
Blank NS were produced using solvent technique with varying ratios of β-cyclodextrin and carbonyl-diimidazole. The hyper-crosslinked β-cyclodextrin was dispersed in de-ionized water, and then lyophilised. The GLC-loaded-NS were prepared using different ratios of GLC to the previously developed NS1:4 and evaluated for particle size, zeta potential, TEM, SEM, DSC, PXRD, FTIR, loading efficiency, pharmacokinetically, pharmacodynamically, histologically and effect of storage.
Results:
GLC:NS1:4 showed highest solubility (46.36 ± 2.44%w/v), entrapment efficiency (36.1 ± 0.57%w/v), particle size 352 ± 6.1 nm and Z-potential -25.3 ± 0.3 mV. GLC:NS1:4 exhibited porous, spherical nanoparticles, with confirmed drug encapsulation. In-vitro and in-vivo evaluations demonstrated an initial burst followed by sustained drug release, reducing blood glucose levels by 79.6 ± 0.43%. The effect of storage revealed no significant changes after 3 months.
Conclusion:
GLC-NS complexation improved oral bioavailability and extended drug release, suggesting better patient compliance.
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