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Correlation Between Condylar Shape and Malocclusion: CBCT Analysis
Neamat Hassan Abubakr1, Tanya Al-Talib2, Nastaran Bahar3
1Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 28, 2025
Summary
A new classification system for condylar morphology using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) aids in diagnosing skeletal malocclusions. This system helps identify temporomandibular joint (TMJ) changes for better orthodontic treatment planning.
Area of Science:
- Orthodontics
- Radiology
- Anatomy
Background:
- Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is crucial for evaluating craniofacial structures.
- Assessing condylar morphology is vital for understanding temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders.
- Skeletal malocclusions often present with distinct condylar characteristics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce a novel classification system for condylar morphology.
- To correlate condylar morphology with different skeletal classifications.
- To evaluate the prevalence of degenerative changes in the TMJ.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 288 subjects using CBCT.
- Evaluation of condylar shape, medial/lateral pole flattening, and degenerative changes.
- Statistical analysis to determine significant associations between variables.
Main Results:
- Class II skeletal malocclusion was most prevalent, particularly in females.
- Females showed a higher incidence of degenerative TMJ changes (p < 0.001) and lateral pole flattening.
- Convex condylar morphology was most common; degenerative changes were more frequent on the left side, especially in Class II Division 1 cases.
Conclusions:
- The novel CBCT classification system improves TMJ evaluation in orthodontics.
- Early detection of condylar morphological changes aids treatment planning.
- This system facilitates optimized patient care by identifying at-risk individuals.
