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A Mixed-methods Systematic Review of Just-in-time Training Interventions During Health Emergencies: Types of
Ann Neville Miller1, Andrew Todd1, Venkata Naga Sreelalitapriya Duvuuri1
1University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
|March 28, 2025
Summary
This review examined learning interventions for health emergencies, finding most focused on knowledge and confidence, with few assessing skills or long-term outcomes. Recommendations for future training are provided.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Health Professions Education
- Emergency Preparedness
Background:
- The World Health Organization (WHO) Health Emergency Programme supports guidance development for health emergency preparedness.
- Systematic reviews are crucial for informing evidence-based guidance in public health emergencies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate learning interventions developed and utilized during health emergencies.
- To understand the methodologies behind the development of these health emergency training interventions.
Main Methods:
- Searched multiple databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Communication and Mass Media Complete, and Web of Science.
- Appraised study quality using WHO-recommended checklists.
- Extracted findings through a narrative summary approach.
Main Results:
- 187 studies were included, utilizing online, in-person, and hybrid formats, primarily by hospitals and universities.
- Training focused on nurses and doctors, emphasizing experiential learning for skills and online learning for knowledge dissemination.
- Key elements included multi-sectoral partnerships, institutional support, planning task forces, rapid training development, and use of training models.
Conclusions:
- Most studies evaluated only knowledge or self-confidence, with limited assessment of skills or long-term outcomes.
- Evidence on the comparative effectiveness, optimal frequency, and duration of training interventions is scarce.
- Six recommendations for future just-in-time (JIT) training were developed based on induced principles.
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