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Fractal Dimension Approach for Quantitative Analysis Radiograph in Periapical Inflammation: A Systematic Review
Azhari1, Lusi Epsilawati1, Dwi Putri Wulansari2
1Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
Acta Medica Philippina
|March 28, 2025
Summary
Fractal dimension (FD) offers a quantitative method for assessing early periapical inflammation on radiographs, overcoming visual acuity limitations. This technique aids in the objective evaluation of bone structure changes in periapical lesions.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Radiology
- Biomedical Imaging
Background:
- Visual interpretation of periapical inflammation is limited by acuity, detecting only >30% changes.
- Early inflammation in periapical regions is challenging to diagnose visually on radiographs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the application of fractal dimension (FD) for quantitative assessment of periapical inflammation on radiographs.
- To explore FD as a tool for objective analysis of bone structure in periapical lesions.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus.
- Inclusion criteria: clinical research, periapical inflammation, periapical radiographs, fractal dimension measurement in human bone, English language.
- No publication date restrictions.
Main Results:
- Five articles utilized fractal dimension for assessing visually indiscernible periapical lesions.
- FD was applied to evaluate apical inflammation, diagnose periapical lesions, and analyze trabecular bone structure.
- Varied regions of interest were used for FD analysis of periapical inflammation.
Conclusions:
- Fractal dimension is a valuable tool in dental imaging, particularly for analyzing periapical radiographs.
- Image J software and fractal analysis are common methods used in this field.
- Further research is recommended to enhance FD's role in quantitative assessment of periapical inflammation.
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