When Suicidality Is Suspected

Physicians have the potential to detect a person in danger of suicide. A history of self-injury, abuse of illegal substances or alcohol, mood disorders, and schizophrenia may contribute to the risk of suicide. There are four recognized screening tools that can assist in identifying individuals at risk to commit suicide. A safety plan provides coping strategies that may alleviate suicidal behavior or a suicidal crisis. A written, mutually agreed upon safety plan can be helpful for those suspected of being in danger of suicide. Family members or friends should assist the patient with safety plans as well as closely observe the patient and ensure timely professional attention. Emergency medical services may be necessary, and firearms must either be removed from the home or locked to prevent access. The medications that have had a preventive effect against suicide include antidepressant drugs, lithium, clozapine, ketamine, and esketamine. Lithium has historical evidence in combating suicide.