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A Data Engineering Framework for Ethereum Beacon Chain Rewards: From Data Collection to Decentralization Metrics.
Tao Yan1, Shengnan Li1, Benjamin Kraner1
1Blockchain & Distributed Ledger Technologies Group at Department of Informatics and UZH Blockchain Center, University of Zurich, 8050, Zurich, Switzerland.
Scientific Data
|March 29, 2025
Summary
This study introduces a dataset of Ethereum validator rewards to analyze Proof-of-Stake incentive structures and decentralization. The data enables researchers to evaluate validator behavior and enhance blockchain efficiency and security.
Area of Science:
- Computer Science
- Cryptography
- Economics
Background:
- Ethereum utilizes a Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism for network security and validator incentives.
- Challenges in analyzing and optimizing decentralization persist within blockchain technology.
- Existing data on validator rewards is fragmented, hindering comprehensive analysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce a comprehensive dataset of Ethereum validator rewards (attestation, proposer, sync committee).
- To address data fragmentation and enable robust evaluations of PoS incentive structures.
- To facilitate research on enhancing blockchain decentralization, security, and efficiency.
Main Methods:
- Collected and categorized granular validator reward data from the Ethereum Beacon chain.
- Applied decentralization metrics including Shannon entropy, Gini Index, Nakamoto Coefficient, and Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI).
- Developed open-source analytical tools for data utilization.
Main Results:
- A transparent and auditable dataset of validator activities is now available.
- Demonstrated the dataset's utility in assessing incentive structures and decentralization trends.
- Established a foundation for analyzing enforceable rules and protocol compliance.
Conclusions:
- The dataset provides crucial resources for researchers studying blockchain systems.
- Enhanced analysis of PoS incentive mechanisms and validator behavior is now possible.
- Facilitates future research towards more decentralized, secure, and efficient blockchain networks.
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