Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Methodology for Establishing a Community-Wide Life Laboratory for Capturing Unobtrusive and Continuous Remote Activity and Health Data
Published on: July 27, 2018
Working from home and well-being during the pandemic and beyond: a longitudinal analysis in five countries
Anna E Kornadt1,2, Catherine E Bowen3, Anthony Lepinteur4
1Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur- Alzette, Luxembourg. anna.kornadt@uni.lu.
Background:
Given the rise of remote work in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, many studies have investigated how working from home (WFH) is related to employee well-being. So far, findings have been mixed and based predominantly on cross-sectional analyses.
Methods:
We used multi-level regression models to describe the longitudinal relationship between WFH and well-being over 11 assessments from April 2020 to November 2023, based on a unique, population-based sample of N = 3403 employed participants from five European countries.
Results:
Even after controlling for relevant covariates, WFH was negatively related to well-being in the initial stages of the pandemic, but unrelated to WFH thereafter.
Conclusion:
Our analysis offers a differentiated picture on within- and between-person dynamics of WFH and well-being over the course of the pandemic and beyond and can inform the discussion how individuals, organizations, and societies can prepare for a future in which WFH plays a more prominent role.
Related Concept Videos
Longitudinal Research
Factors Affecting Illness
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness, disability,...
Longitudinal Studies
Stress and Mental Health
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques VI
Motivation and Self-Determination
Motivation, the driving force behind behavior, plays a pivotal role at every stage of the change process. The research...
Social Relationships and Well-Being
