Ethnography in Nursing Research: A Reflective Methodological Perspective

Area of Science:

• Qualitative Research Methodology
• Nursing Research
• Healthcare Studies

Background:

• Ethnography is a valuable qualitative research methodology.
• Its application in nursing research, especially in diverse healthcare settings, requires careful consideration.
• Integrating ethnonursing and critical ethnography deepens understanding of cultural nuances in care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To reflect on ethnography as a qualitative research methodology in nursing.
• To examine its conceptual, theoretical, and practical applications.
• To provide insights for effective adoption in nursing research, particularly in culturally diverse settings.

Main Methods:

• Methodological reflection based on author's research experience.
• Extensive review of ethnography principles and practices.
• Examination of participant observation, interviews, field notes, ethical considerations, data analysis, trustworthiness, and reflexivity.

Main Results:

• Ethnography, ethnonursing, and critical ethnography provide a framework for understanding healthcare's cultural and social dynamics.
• Reflections on challenges in a Jordanian neonatal intensive care unit study offer practical insights.
• Methodological insights guide effective adoption of ethnography in nursing.

Conclusions:

• Ethnography enables exploration of human experiences within cultural contexts in nursing.
• Culturally informed and evidence-based nursing practices are advanced.
• Combining ethnonursing and critical ethnography uncovers cultural and structural factors influencing healthcare experiences.