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Characterization of Visual Field Loss Over 4 Years in the Rate of Progression in USH2A-Related Retinal Degeneration
Jacque L Duncan1, Maureen G Maguire2, Lee S McDaniel2
1From the University of California (J.L.D.), San Francisco, California, USA.
Purpose:
To report visual field loss using static perimetry (SP) and kinetic perimetry (KP) over 4 years in the Rate of Progression of USH2A-related Retinal Degeneration (RUSH2A) study.
Design:
Prospective, observational cohort study.
Subjects, Participants, And/Or Controls:
Participants had USH2A-related rod-cone degeneration, visual acuity ≥20/80, and KP III4e ≥10° at baseline in the study eye. Preserved cohorts with baseline visual fields sufficient to detect progression were identified.
Methods:
Participants were examined annually through 4 years. Mixed-effects models were used to estimate the annual, standardized rate, and percentage rates of change.
Main Outcome Measures:
SP measures included hill of vision (total: VTOT, central 30°: V30, and peripheral: VPERIPH) and centrally weighted mean sensitivity (MScw). Percentages with 4-year progression exceeding the coefficient of repeatability (CoR) and with change meeting Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-recommended criteria were estimated. KP seeing area (dB-steradian (sr)/degree) for I4e, III4e, and V4e isopters was calculated.
Results:
The average decline with SP (95% CI) was 1.94 (1.62, 2.25) dB-sr/y for VTOT, 0.54 (0.45, 0.62) dB-sr/y for V30, 1.37 (1.11, 1.63) dB-sr/y for VPERIPH, and 0.56 (0.48, 0.64) dB/y for MScw. Average percentage decline per year was 8.6% (7.2, 10.0) for VTOT, 6.4% (5.3, 7.5) for V30, 13.6% (10.4, 16.7) for VPERIPH, and 5.6% (4.7, 6.4) for MScw. The standardized rate of change was greatest at -1.35 for MScw. Rates were higher in the preserved cohorts. Progression exceeding the CoR was 18% (11, 28) for VTOT, 21% (13, 31) for V30, 21% (13, 31) for VPERIPH and 17% (10, 27) for MScw. Progression exceeding an FDA-recommended threshold was 5% (2%, 12%) for all SP points and 45% (35%, 55%) for functional transition points. Average KP annual percentage decline was 13.1% (7.5, 18.5) for I4e, 12.1% (8.1,15.9) for III4e, and 9.2% (6.3,12.0) for V4e.
Conclusions:
All quantitative perimetry measures declined over 4 years. Progression was greater than the CoR in a relatively low percentage of eyes (17%-21%); 45% exceeded the FDA-recommended threshold when only functional transition points were considered. Standardized rate of change was greatest for MScw. These measures are useful characterizations of vision loss in USH2A-related retinal degeneration.
