Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Application of Long-term cultured Interferon-γ Enzyme-linked Immunospot Assay for Assessing Effector and Memory T Cell Responses in Cattle
Published on: July 11, 2015
Probiotic-based immunization improves immune responses in Oreochromis mossambicus against Aeromonas hydrophila
Jeyaraj Jeyavani1, Narayanan Gopi1, Khalid A Al-Ghanim2
1Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract:
The study was aimed to evaluate the immunization potential of different cellular components such as whole-cell protein (WCP), extracellular protein (ECP), and cell wall protein (CWP) of probiotic Bacillus licheniformis in Oreochromis mossambicus against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. At the end of 14th and 28th days, increased humoral and cellular immune parameters in CWP, WCP, and ECP cellular component treated groups of O. mossambicus were observed. This was attributed to the elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide & hydroxyl radical ions, which increased the immune parameter activity by activating macrophage, the complement system and the opsonization process in cellular components treated groups. After 28 days of administration, the aquaculture bacterial pathogen A. hydrophila (1 × 107 cells/mL), increased survival rate in experimental group fish which were immunized with probiotic cellular components CWP, WCP and ECP, compared with the control group were detected. Moreover, the isolated cellular components show great anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm activity against Aeromonas hydrophila. Overall results have shed light on probiotic B. licheniformis (Dahb1) cellular components especially CWP that effectively control bacterial disease under A. hydrophila burden conditions.
Related Concept Videos
Immunological Memory
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature is...
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics
Probiotics
Microbiota Modulation by Antibiotics

