Monocytes Expressing IL-36G Play a Crucial Role in Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis (ad) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, with recent studies indicating that immune cells, such as monocytes and inflammatory cytokines, play a crucial role. By retrieving datasets from public databases and analysing immune cell infiltration in lesional skin using CIBERSORT, we found that monocytes and M2 macrophages were significantly upregulated in atopic dermatitis. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) functional enrichment analysis revealed that cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction was the most significantly enriched pathway. Further analysis of cytokines and their receptors, along with their correlation with infiltrating immune cells, identified IL36G-expressing monocytes as a key target in atopic dermatitis. We compared immune cell infiltration and cytokine-related targets in similar inflammatory skin diseases, such as psoriasis and urticaria, to evaluate similarities and differences among these three skin conditions. The analysis revealed that IL36G-expressing monocytes were also highly expressed in psoriasis but did not play a pivotal role in urticaria. Finally, we used molecular docking to predict and validate drugs targeting IL36G. Our study highlights IL36G-expressing monocytes as a common key target in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, offering novel insights and therapeutic strategies for these related diseases.