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Current Practices of Irish Dietitians Assessing and Monitoring Muscle Strength, Mass and Function: A Cross-Sectional
Emily Morrin1, Samuel Donnelly1, Aideen McGuinness2
1Human Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
Background And Aims:
Measuring muscle mass, strength, and function is vital in nutritional assessment, offering valuable insights into overall health, including nutritional adequacy, metabolic function and physical well-being. Nonetheless, the use of these measures for nutritional assessment and monitoring in dietetic practice is not widely implemented, and gaps in care remain. This study aimed to explore Irish dietitians' current nutritional assessment practices related to muscle health.
Methods:
A cross-sectional descriptive 29-item online survey was adapted and distributed via link in email and social media to state-registered dietitians (N = 1340) in Ireland between 21 September 2023 and 26 October 2023. Data were analysed descriptively.
Results:
The majority of dietitians (84/85) agreed that musculature was important in the assessment of nutritional status, with 80% (n = 56/70) reporting the integration of at least one assessment of muscle health into their clinical practice. Handgrip strength (HGS) was viewed as the most important (95.7%; n = 67/70), frequently applied (64.3%; n = 45/70) and most useful for monitoring muscle health (77.1%; n = 54/70). Regardless, the frequency of muscle health assessment in routine practice was low. The muscle health assessments that are routinely ( > once/week) measured include body weight (82.9%; n = 58/70), BMI (81.4%; n = 57/70), HGS (25.7%; n = 18/70) and the Timed up and go test, chair stand test or short physical performance battery (10%; n = 7/70). The main barriers to muscle health assessment were 'lack of training/application experience' (61.4%, n = 43/70) and 'lack of device availability' (58.5%, n = 41/70).
Conclusion:
This study provides insights into the application of muscle health assessments within nutritional assessment among Irish dietitians. Results indicate a gap between the recognised value of muscle health and its use in nutritional assessment. Despite an almost unanimous agreement on the importance of musculature, challenges such as insufficient training and lack of equipment hinder the widespread implementation of muscle health assessment as a standard component of nutritional assessment. These findings emphasise the need for further practical education and measures to improve the availability of equipment to bridge this gap and optimise nutritional care.
