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Environmental NaCl affects C. elegans development and aging.

Franziska Pohl1,2,3, Brian M Egan1,4, Daniel L Schneider1

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|March 31, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High sodium levels, even in standard lab conditions, accelerate aging and shorten lifespan in C. elegans. Older worms are more sensitive to sodium toxicity, activating stress responses like gpdh-1 and hsp-6.

Keywords:
C. elegansagingdaf-2developmentlifespansaltsodium chloride (NaCl)

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Sodium is essential but toxic in excess, linked to hypertension and age-related diseases in humans.
  • C. elegans is a model organism used to study aging and the effects of environmental factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how varying sodium chloride (NaCl) levels impact aging and lifespan in C. elegans.
  • To determine the age-dependent sensitivity of C. elegans to NaCl toxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Culturing wild-type and long-lived mutant C. elegans on Nematode Growth Medium (NGM) with reduced, standard (50 mM NaCl), or excess NaCl.
  • Assessing lifespan, health span, development, fertility, and stress response gene activation (gpdh-1, hsp-6).

Main Results:

  • Standard NGM (50 mM NaCl) accelerated aging and reduced lifespan in wild-type and long-lived mutants.
  • Excess NaCl delayed development and reduced fertility, lifespan, and health span in wild-type worms.
  • Older worms showed increased sensitivity to NaCl toxicity, activating gpdh-1 and hsp-6 stress responses.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary NaCl in standard NGM accelerates aging across multiple C. elegans genetic backgrounds.
  • Aging increases sensitivity to NaCl toxicity, with older animals exhibiting more pronounced responses.
  • Excess NaCl triggers distinct stress response pathways, including mitochondrial stress, in aging animals.