Luminex Multiplex Immunoassay for Proteomic Profiling of Cerebrospinal Fluid

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is commonly used in research and diagnostics but has limitations, including its single-substance detection and large sample volume requirements. In contrast, the Luminex technique, a bead-based sandwich immunoassay combined with flow cytometry, overcomes these limitations by simultaneous measurement of multiple analytes in small volumes. Using dyed micro-beads coated with monoclonal antibodies, this method can detect 100-500 immune markers in cerebrospinal fluid, capturing multiple targets from a single sample. This chapter discusses key pre-analytical factors like sample collection and preservation that influence detection outcomes, highlighting the Luminex technique's adaptability for measuring diverse biomarkers and its advantages in diagnostic applications, reducing variability, and optimizing resources.