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Early intervention and educational needs among school-aged children born preterm
Laura Lacalle1, Sandra Melero1, Yolanda Sánchez-Sandoval1
1Department of Psychology, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain; Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain.
Acta Psychologica
|April 1, 2025
Summary
Children born preterm face higher risks of developmental and neurological issues. Early intervention is crucial for improving outcomes in these vulnerable children.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Research
- Developmental Pediatrics
- Child Psychology
Background:
- Preterm birth (<32 weeks gestation and/or birth weight ≤1500g) is linked to increased risks of developmental difficulties and neurological impairment.
- Understanding the prevalence of specific educational needs, chronic conditions, and early intervention attendance in preterm children is essential for targeted support.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of specific educational needs, chronic diseases, and disorders in preterm children.
- To describe early intervention attendance in this population.
- To explore the relationship between these factors and individual/socio-family variables.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cross-sectional study involving 144 children born preterm.
- Psychological evaluation at 8 years of age, including intelligence quotient (WISC-V) and quality of life assessment.
- Cluster analysis of educational and intervention needs history.
Main Results:
- Preterm children exhibited a significantly higher frequency of studied conditions compared to the general population.
- Intelligence quotient and quality of life scores at 8 years were in the medium range.
- Cluster analysis revealed distinct patterns in educational/intervention needs correlating with 8-year outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Early intervention plays a vital role in potentially improving developmental outcomes for preterm children.
- Findings underscore the need for enhanced early intervention programs tailored to the specific needs of this population.
- This study provides a foundation for future research into optimizing developmental trajectories for preterm infants.
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