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Published on: March 1, 2024
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Psychotherapeutic modalities for phantom limb pain: a scoping review
S Santoso1, K Tan1, S I Sidharta1
1Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia.
Summary
Psychotherapeutic modalities effectively treat phantom limb pain (PLP), a complex biopsychosocial condition. Mirror therapy and virtual reality are common, but combining approaches offers greater benefit than single treatments.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience and Rehabilitation
- Psychology and Pain Management
Background:
- Phantom limb pain (PLP) is a complex condition with physiological, psychological, and social dimensions.
- Pharmacological treatments offer limited relief for PLP due to its biopsychosocial nature.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a literature review on psychotherapeutic modalities for phantom limb pain (PLP).
Main Methods:
- Searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus for English-language studies on psychotherapeutic modalities for PLP published before December 2024.
- Included original studies, reviews, and case reports; excluded non-English literature, books, and unpublished works.
Main Results:
- Analyzed 55 studies, identifying mirror therapy and virtual/augmented reality therapy as the most frequent modalities.
- Other modalities included motor imagery, hypnotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and various biofeedback techniques.
Conclusions:
- Psychotherapeutic modalities are effective in managing phantom limb pain (PLP).
- Mirror therapy and virtual/augmented reality therapy are leading treatments.
- Combined psychotherapeutic approaches yield better outcomes than single modalities.
