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Updated: May 8, 2026

Comparing the Frequency Effect Between the Lexical Decision and Naming Tasks in Chinese
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SingleMALD: Investigating practice effects in auditory lexical decision.

Filip Nenadić1, Katarina Bujandrić2, Matthew C Kelley3

  • 1Department of Linguistics, University of Potsdam, Haus 14 (Room II.14.313) Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany. filip.nenadic@uni-potsdam.de.

Behavior Research Methods
|April 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The SingleMALD dataset, a large auditory lexical decision study, reveals that extensive participant testing can influence performance. While data remains usable, accounting for participant experience is recommended for accurate analysis.

Keywords:
Auditory lexical decisionFully crossed designMegastudyPractice effects

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Computational Linguistics

Background:

  • Auditory lexical decision tasks are crucial for understanding spoken word recognition.
  • Existing datasets like Massive Auditory Lexical Decision (MALD) offer valuable insights but vary in participant response depth.
  • A need exists for large-scale auditory lexical decision data with extensive responses per participant to complement existing resources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce and describe the SingleMALD dataset, a novel resource for auditory lexical decision research.
  • Investigate the effects of extensive participant testing on performance in the auditory lexical decision task.
  • Examine how participant experience influences the relationship between lexical variables (word frequency, phonological neighborhood density) and task performance.

Main Methods:

  • Developed SingleMALD, a large-scale auditory lexical decision study with a fully crossed design.
  • Collected over 2 million trials from 40 native English speakers responding to over 26,000 words and 9,000 pseudowords across 67 sessions.
  • Utilized a within-participant design with a high number of responses per stimulus, contrasting with MALD's many-listener approach.

Main Results:

  • SingleMALD participants exhibited a trend towards prioritizing speed over accuracy as testing progressed.
  • The influence of word frequency and phonological neighborhood density on participant performance shifted with increasing session numbers.
  • Observed changes in performance and predictor relationships were not drastic, suggesting data usability.

Conclusions:

  • The SingleMALD dataset provides a valuable, freely available resource for auditory lexical decision research.
  • Extensive testing in auditory lexical decision tasks can subtly alter participant performance and the impact of lexical factors.
  • Statistical analyses using data from extensively tested participants should consider and control for participant experience levels.