The mammalian rete ovarii: a literature review

The rete ovarii is the homologue of the rete testis. It develops from cells of mesonephric origin which immigrate into the developing gonad of the embryo. The mature form of the rete ovarii is generally found to be groups of anastomosing tubules lined by cuboidal or columnar epithelium. These tubules are usually located in the hilus of the ovary, but may extend through the medulla or be isolated in the mesovarium adjacent to the hilus. The rete is often continuous with the transverse ductules through which it contacts the longitudinal duct of the epoophoron. The rete ovarii is important in the control of meiosis in the maturing ovary. Cells of the rete ovarii differentiate to form granulosa cells as well. The rete is also credited with secretory capability, a hypothesis supported by the observation of secretory material in the lumina of the rete tubules in several species. Cysts have been observed in the rete ovarii of several species. The rete ovarii of the adult does not appear to be a functionless vestige as has been previously reported.