Magnetic Nanofibers in Heavy Metal Arsenic(V) Pollution Control Research

In this experiment, PAN/Fe₃O₄@CTAB magnetic nanofibers (average diameter of 386 nm) were prepared by electrospinning for the removal of As(V) from an aqueous solution. Material characterization was analyzed using phase analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD), a Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG), which demonstrated that the magnetic nanoparticles were successfully incorporated into the fiber membrane. Batch adsorption experiments revealed that the process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models, achieving a maximum adsorption capacity of 138.66 mg/g, higher than that of unmodified PAN/Fe₃O₄ (93.59 mg/g). The adsorption efficiency of this adsorbent was high (97% removal in 300 min) and remained at 91% after five regeneration cycles (initial value of 98.65%). The response surface methodology (RSM) was also employed to construct and analyze the model to investigate the effects of three critical adsorption parameters, pH, adsorption time, and adsorbent concentration, on As(V). The optimal conditions for adsorption were determined to be a pH of 3.81, an adsorption time of 342 min, and an adsorbent concentration of 1.36 g/L, achieving an arsenic ion removal rate of 98.62%. The experimental results were found to be in accordance with the theoretical parameters, thereby providing further evidence that the synthesized material is an excellent adsorbent for the treatment of water pollution.