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Updated: May 17, 2025

Immobilization of Caenorhabditis elegans to Analyze Intracellular Transport in Neurons
Published on: October 18, 2017
Polycystins recruit cargo to distinct ciliary extracellular vesicle subtypes in C. elegans
Inna A Nikonorova1, Elizabeth desRanleau2, Katherine C Jacobs2
1Department of Genetics and Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA. nikonoi1@hginj.rutgers.edu.
Abstract:
Therapeutic use of tiny extracellular vesicles (EVs) requires understanding cargo loading mechanisms. Here, we use a modular proximity labeling approach to identify the cargo of ciliary EVs associated with the transient receptor potential channel polycystin-2 PKD-2 of C. elegans. Polycystins are conserved ciliary proteins and cargo of EVs; dysfunction causes polycystic kidney disease in humans and mating deficits in C. elegans. We discover that polycystins localize with specific cargo on ciliary EVs: polycystin-associated channel-like protein PACL-1, dorsal and ventral polycystin-associated membrane C-type lectins PAMLs, and conserved tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) TRF-1 and TRF-2. Loading of these components to EVs relies on polycystin-1 LOV-1. Our modular EV-TurboID approach can be applied in both cell- and tissue-specific manners to define the composition of distinct EV subtypes, addressing a major challenge of the EV field.
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