Experimental design for assessing the degradation of tannery azo dyes and real-time effluent

Tannery wastewater (TWW) is highly complex and is characterised by high contents of organic, inorganic, and nitrogenous compounds, sulphides, chromium, dissolved solids, and suspended solids. Therefore, our novelty lies in identifying the microbes which are used to degrade harmful azo dyes present in tannery effluent. Based upon the rising problems in tannery industries, the untreated effluent is discharged; to achieve zero effluent, the organisms are isolated from tannery effluent identified as Aeromonas hydrophila (OQ690635) and screened against the degradation potential against the azo dyes and further processed the azo dye-degrading organism for 16S rRNA sequencing. The optimisation was done in various parameters, which resulted in the highest 94% degradation at 37 °C of 7 pH at the 60th hour in 10% of inoculum concentration, which influenced azo dye degradation and confirmed the degradation profile by FT-IR secondary alcohol, alkyne group, alcohol and nitro compounds, isothiocyanate, amine salt, alkyne had been removed and confirmed, also the treated Real-time effluent by novel bacteria which has shown 93% of degradation and also degradation profile by FT-IR and proven toxic free confirmed by GC-MS analysis. Thus, the bacteria isolated in this study can be used as eco-friendly biological expedients for the remediation and detoxification of azo dyes. This could be considered an efficient treatment method for various industrial effluents, as it provides zero sludge disposal during the treatment of industrial effluents.