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Updated: May 23, 2025

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Digital Interventions for Suicide Prevention.

Sean K Burr1, Miao Yu2, Danny Clark3

  • 1Graduate College of Social Work, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.

Crisis
|April 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Digital interventions show a small but significant effect in reducing suicidal ideation. These mobile health tools are effective for adults, particularly when compared to waitlist controls, offering promising avenues for suicide prevention.

Keywords:
digital interventionmeta-analysissuicidal ideationsuicide preventionsystematic review

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Area of Science:

  • Digital Health
  • Suicidology
  • Mental Health Interventions

Background:

  • Digital-based mobile interventions show promise for suicide prevention, potentially overcoming barriers like cost and stigma.
  • Existing evidence on the effectiveness of digital suicide interventions is mixed but suggests potential benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the effectiveness of digital interventions for suicidal ideation and behaviors.
  • To analyze the impact of age, gender, and control group type on intervention outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on digital suicide interventions (apps/online programs) published before January 1, 2022.
  • Data analysis using a random-effects model in Stata 17.
  • Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore effects across different demographics and control types.

Main Results:

  • A small but significant overall effect of digital interventions on reducing suicidal ideation was found (g = 0.11, p = .049).
  • Interventions were significantly effective for adults (g = 0.15, p = .01) but not adolescents.
  • Digital interventions showed greater effects compared to waitlist controls (g = 0.28) than treatment as usual or active controls.

Conclusions:

  • Digital interventions demonstrate a significant effect in reducing suicidal ideation.
  • Effectiveness varies across subgroups, with notable impact observed in adults.
  • Further research is needed to examine effectiveness by gender and on suicidal behaviors due to study limitations.