Simple Strategy to Develop Multifunctional NIR Fluorescent Probes for Simultaneous Identification of H₂S and SO₂

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
• Chemical Biology
• Analytical Chemistry

Background:

• Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and sulfur dioxide (SO₂) are crucial gaseous signaling molecules involved in numerous physiological processes.
• Understanding the interplay and synergistic effects between H₂S and SO₂ is vital for biological research.
• A need exists for a single fluorescent probe capable of rapid, dual-channel detection of both H₂S and SO₂.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop multifunctional near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes for simultaneous identification of H₂S and SO₂.
• To investigate the crosstalk and synergetic effects between H₂S and SO₂ in biological systems.
• To provide a novel tool for visualizing H₂S and SO₂ in living biological samples.

Main Methods:

• Synthesis of two novel NIR fluorescent probes, SW1 and SW2, based on a benzopyrylium core.
• Evaluation of probe reactivity and sensing capabilities for H₂S and SO₂.
• Application of the probe in live-cell and in vivo (mice) imaging studies.

Main Results:

• Probe SW2 demonstrated rapid and distinct fluorescence responses for both H₂S and SO₂.
• SW2 exhibited reversible sensing capabilities, enabling the investigation of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and SO₂ flux.
• Successful visualization of H₂S and SO₂ in living cells and mice using probe SW2.

Conclusions:

• The developed NIR fluorescent probe SW2 is effective for simultaneous and distinct detection of H₂S and SO₂.
• SW2 serves as a valuable tool for studying the complex biological relationships and dynamics of H₂S and SO₂.
• This probe facilitates a deeper understanding of gaseous signaling molecule crosstalk in physiological and pathological processes.