Infective Endocarditis
Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 17, 2025
An In Vitro Model of a Parallel-Plate Perfusion System to Study Bacterial Adherence to Graft Tissues
Published on: January 7, 2019
Jennifer S Mulliken1, Emma D Bainbridge1
1Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Abstract:
The incidence of infective endocarditis (IE) is rising with the increased availability of prosthetic valves and intracardiac devices. In this review, we describe the epidemiologic trends, microbiology, and clinical manifestations of IE. The 2023 Duke-International Society for Cardiovascular Infectious Disease criteria are summarized, as are other laboratory and imaging studies that may aid in IE diagnosis, including novel methods like broad-range bacterial polymerase chain reaction and PET/computed tomography scans. Finally, we discuss optimal IE management, including guideline-directed antibiotic regimens, indications for cardiac surgery, and preliminary data for oral and long-acting parenteral antibiotics.
Related Concept Videos
01:15Layers of the Heart Wall
The myocardium, the thickest layer, consists of cardiac muscle cells interconnected by intercalated discs and crisscrossing connective tissue fibers. These muscle fibers contract...
01:26Sexually Transmitted Infections
01:20Infection
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...