Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Polymers02:34

Polymers

34.0K
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
34.0K
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

2.7K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
2.7K
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.4K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
3.4K
Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.2K
Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta...
3.2K
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.2K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.2K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.0K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
2.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Photo-Triggered Disassembly of Phosphorylcholine-Based pH-Responsive Block Copolymer Micelles via Encapsulated Photoacid Generators.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2026
Same author

pH-Responsive Polymer Nanoparticles Containing Pendant Carboxy and Sulfonate Groups.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2026
Same author

Observing Depolymerization of a RAFT Polymer by Time-Resolved Small-Angle X ray Scattering.

ACS polymers Au·2025
Same author

[irAE-Related Postoperative Anastomotic Stenosis Following Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer].

Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy·2025
Same author

Self-Assembly and Drug Encapsulation Properties of Biocompatible Amphiphilic Diblock Copolymers.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2025
Same author

Synthesis and Characterization of Polyion Complex Micelles with Glycopolymer Shells for Drug Delivery Carriers.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2025

Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides
07:26

Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides

Published on: November 21, 2013

12.8K

Polymerization-induced self-assembly enables access to diverse highly ordered structures through kinetic and

Ibuki Shibata1, Ayae Sugawara-Narutaki1,2, Rintaro Takahashi3

  • 1Department of Energy Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya Aichi 464-8603 Japan.

Chemical Science
|April 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) creates ordered polymer structures. Manipulating glass transition temperature (Tg) allows control over structure formation, yielding diverse morphologies.

More Related Videos

Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly
09:34

Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly

Published on: February 6, 2020

7.1K
Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
09:22

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

7.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2025

Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides
07:26

Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides

Published on: November 21, 2013

12.8K
Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly
09:34

Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly

Published on: February 6, 2020

7.1K
Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
09:22

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

7.8K

Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Self-Assembly

Background:

  • Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) is a key method for creating microphase-separated polymer structures.
  • Previous PISA research predominantly focused on disordered structures.
  • Controlling the glass transition temperature (Tg) of polymer blocks is crucial for directing self-assembly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the facile synthesis of highly ordered microphase-separated structures using PISA.
  • To investigate the role of kinetic control, via Tg manipulation, in PISA.
  • To explore PISA's potential for creating complex structures beyond conventional methods.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of diblock copolymers via PISA in an ionic liquid.
  • Utilized poly(ethylene glycol) as the stabilizing block and polystyrene or poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) as the core-forming block.
  • Varied the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the core-forming block to influence self-assembly pathways.

Main Results:

  • High Tg core blocks (polystyrene) led to kinetically trapped, highly ordered hexagonal close-packed (HCP) spheres (up to 17th-order diffraction).
  • Low Tg core blocks (poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate)) yielded thermodynamically stable, ordered structures, including a double-gyroid morphology.
  • Demonstrated successful generation of diverse, ordered structures through PISA by controlling Tg.

Conclusions:

  • PISA is highly effective for generating diverse, ordered microphase-separated structures from simple diblock copolymers.
  • Manipulation of core-forming block Tg provides a powerful strategy for controlling self-assembly and accessing unique morphologies.
  • This approach enables the creation of structures not achievable through traditional polymerization methods.