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Oral Feeding Management in the School Setting: A Scoping Review.

Talia J Widrich1, Catherine Fournier2, Lothika Shanmugarajah3

  • 1Talia J. Widrich, OT Reg. (Ont.), BSc, was MScOT Candidate, School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, at the time of this research.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy : Official Publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association
|April 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary

School-based occupational therapists play a key role in pediatric feeding management. This review highlights their roles in collaboration, assessment, intervention, and policy advocacy for students with feeding needs.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Occupational Therapy
  • School-Based Services

Background:

  • School-based occupational therapists are crucial for addressing pediatric oral feeding challenges.
  • Current understanding of their specific roles and effective strategies within school systems is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the existing role of occupational therapy in pediatric oral feeding management within school settings.
  • To identify key areas of practice and potential gaps in service delivery.

Main Methods:

  • A scoping review guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR).
  • Searched six academic databases and four search engines using keywords: feeding, school, and occupational therapist.
  • Included studies in English focusing on occupational therapists managing oral feeding for children (junior kindergarten to Grade 12) in schools.

Main Results:

  • Ten articles met eligibility criteria, revealing four main themes.
  • Occupational therapists utilize multidisciplinary collaboration, diverse assessment strategies (informal to standardized), and various intervention techniques.
  • Limited evidence exists for intervention effectiveness, and policy integration for feeding goals in individual education plans requires clarification.

Conclusions:

  • Occupational therapy in schools requires enhanced evidence-based practices and specialized training in oral feeding management.
  • Updated policies are needed to formally incorporate feeding goals into students' individual education plans.
  • Occupational therapists are vital in advocating for and implementing comprehensive feeding support for students.