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Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

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The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
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Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2025

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Prognostic Indicators in Heart Failure - The Role of Phase Angle and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis
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Prediction of Mortality From Symptom Cluster Patterns Among Patients Hospitalized With Decompensated Heart Failure: A

Chin-Yen Lin1, Ming-Fen Tsai2, Li-Fen Chao3

  • 1Chin-Yen Lin, PhD, RN, College of Nursing, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama.

The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing
|April 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Identifying symptom clusters in heart failure (HF) patients revealed that the "multiple symptoms" cluster significantly predicted in-hospital death and subsequent cardiac events. Prompt management of these HF symptom clusters may reduce mortality.

Keywords:
cardiovascular diseasesheart failuremortalityrehospitalizationsymptom cluster

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Health Outcomes Research

Background:

  • The predictive value of symptom clusters for in-hospital death and long-term adverse outcomes in heart failure (HF) patients in Taiwan remains unclear.
  • Acute exacerbations of HF necessitate hospitalization and pose significant risks for mortality and rehospitalization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify distinct symptom clusters in hospitalized HF patients.
  • To evaluate whether these identified symptom clusters predict in-hospital mortality.
  • To determine if symptom clusters predict 5-year HF rehospitalization and all-cause death.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a large electronic medical record database from Chang Gung Memorial Hospitals, Taiwan.
  • Included 8161 patients hospitalized for HF exacerbations (2008-2013) with 5-year cardiac outcome follow-up.
  • Employed cluster analysis for symptom grouping and logistic/Cox regression for outcome prediction.

Main Results:

  • Identified four symptom clusters: cough, congestion, perfusion, and multiple symptoms.
  • Crude in-hospital death rates varied significantly across clusters (1% to 33.6%).
  • The 'multiple symptoms' cluster was a significant predictor of increased risk for in-hospital death, HF rehospitalization, and all-cause mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Symptom clusters are significant predictors of in-hospital death and subsequent cardiac events in heart failure patients.
  • Proactive monitoring and management of identified symptom clusters can potentially reduce mortality and hospitalizations in HF.