Optimization of Stocking Density in Chukar Partridge (A. chukar) Breeder Flocks

Area of Science:

• Animal Science
• Avian Biology
• Animal Welfare

Background:

• Stocking density is a key factor influencing animal welfare and productivity in poultry farming.
• Partridges (Alectoris chukar) are important game birds, and understanding their optimal housing conditions is vital for efficient breeding programs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the most appropriate stocking density for breeding partridges, focusing on animal welfare and production parameters.
• To evaluate the impact of varying stocking densities on feed consumption, egg production and quality, fertility, survival, feather condition, and hormone levels.

Main Methods:

• 552 breeding partridges (3 females:1 male) were housed in four groups with densities of 0.25, 0.19, 0.15, and 0.11 m²/partridge, with 3 replicates per group.
• Evaluated parameters included feed consumption, egg production/quality, fertility, survival rate, feather condition score, and levels of cortisol and testosterone.

Main Results:

• Increased stocking density negatively impacted egg production and feather condition score.
• Stocking density did not affect feed consumption, egg quality, fertility, survival rate, or hormone levels (cortisol, testosterone).
• A decrease in feed consumption and egg production was observed with increasing temperatures during summer months.

Conclusions:

• A minimum space allowance of 0.20 m²/bird is recommended for breeding partridges to improve egg production and animal welfare.
• Higher stocking densities negatively affect partridge welfare, indicated by reduced egg production and poorer feather condition.