Probability of referral to curative dental treatment in a preventive pediatric dentistry program

Preventive maintenance in pediatric dentistry is essential for monitoring oral health and promoting healthy habits. This study aimed to evaluate how the frequency of follow-up appointments, as well as sex- and age-related differences, impact the probability of referral for curative treatment among pediatric dentistry patients at a Brazilian dental school. This retrospective longitudinal study included dental records of patients who had their first appointment between the second half of 2013 and the second half of 2019, completed treatment, and returned for at least one check-up visit. Descriptive and survival analyses were performed. A total of 296 dental records were evaluated, comprising 47.6% female and 52.4% male patients. The likelihood of referral to curative treatment increased with longer follow-up intervals, reaching 18.9% at six months and 82.7% at 48 months. Patients aged 9 years or younger were 2.07 times more likely to be referred to curative treatment than those aged 10 years or older. No significant difference was observed in referral probability between boys and girls. Longer intervals between check-up visits increased the likelihood of referral to curative treatment, which was higher among older children. Establishing personalized follow-up intervals based on individual patient needs is crucial for maintaining oral health.