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Data Disaggregation in Action: Filipino Americans Who Do Not Identify As Asian.

Riti Shimkhada1, Andrew Juhnke2, Ninez A Ponce2,3

  • 1Center for Health Policy Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. riti@ucla.edu.

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|April 8, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Many Filipino Americans do not identify as Asian, with some preferring Pacific Islander (PI) or "other" categories. Accurate survey methods are crucial for understanding the unique needs of Filipino Americans.

Keywords:
Asian AmericanData disaggregationFilipino AmericansNative Hawaiian and Pacific IslanderPopulation health surveysRace/Ethnicity

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sociology
  • Demography

Background:

  • The U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) officially categorizes Filipino Americans under the broader "Asian" racial group.
  • However, a significant portion of Filipino Americans may not self-identify with this category, often opting for "Pacific Islander" (PI) or "other" classifications.
  • This discrepancy highlights potential inaccuracies in demographic data collection and its impact on understanding community needs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the extent to which Filipino Americans in California select "Pacific Islander" or "other" racial categories instead of "Asian."
  • To analyze the demographic characteristics of Filipino Americans based on their self-selected racial categories.
  • To inform more accurate data collection strategies for diverse ethnic populations.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from the 2019, 2020, and 2021 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS).
  • Inclusion of participants who identified as Pacific Islanders and wrote in "Filipino," selected "Asian" and specified "Filipino," or chose "other" and wrote in "Filipino."
  • Examination of write-in responses for detailed race and ethnicity data.

Main Results:

  • Out of 1,859 Filipino respondents, 8.8% identified as Pacific Islander, 85.2% as Asian, and 6.1% as "other."
  • Filipino respondents identifying as PI were more likely to also identify as Latino/Hispanic, be older, and be U.S. citizens compared to those identifying as Asian.
  • These findings underscore the heterogeneity within the Filipino American population.

Conclusions:

  • Disaggregating Filipino Americans from the "Asian" category in surveys is essential for accurately identifying and addressing their specific needs.
  • Recommends using open-ended write-in prompts in surveys to allow for more nuanced self-identification, particularly for groups like Filipino Americans who may not fit standard categories.
  • Advocates for ongoing, community-driven research to ensure dynamic and effective categorization of diverse ethnic and racial groups.