Recent Advancements for Enhanced Biocatalyst and Biotransformation

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry and Biotechnology
• Enzymology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Enzymes are crucial biological macromolecules with diverse industrial applications.
• Current industrial enzyme applications face challenges with long-term stability and activity under harsh conditions.
• There is a growing demand for enzymes with superior catalytic properties and enhanced stability.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review industrially important enzymes, their sources, and engineering methods.
• To highlight enzyme engineering strategies for improving catalytic efficiency and stability.
• To examine the significance of enzyme engineering in advancing molecular biology.

Main Methods:

• Exploration of diverse environments using omics technology.
• Biotransformation of proteins to enhance stability.
• Enzyme engineering techniques including directed evolution, structure-based rational design, and de novo synthesis.

Main Results:

• Enzyme engineering offers pathways to develop novel enzymes with unique catalytic activity.
• Improved enzyme stability and activity can be achieved through various engineering approaches.
• The review consolidates information on enzyme classes, sources, and engineering strategies.

Conclusions:

• Enzyme engineering is vital for overcoming limitations of current biocatalysts.
• Advanced engineering methods are key to meeting the increasing demand for robust enzymes.
• Enzyme engineering significantly contributes to the progress of molecular biology techniques.