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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients
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Complement updates in optic neuritis.

Yuhong He1, Kai Guo2, Jifu Xin1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China.

Frontiers in Neurology
|April 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Optic neuritis involves inflammation of the optic nerve, driven by the complement system. Complement-targeted therapies show promise for treating this condition and improving patient outcomes.

Keywords:
biomarkercomplementneuromyelitis optica spectrum disordersoptic neuritistreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Complement System Biology

Background:

  • Optic neuritis (ON) is an inflammatory optic nerve condition linked to demyelinating diseases.
  • The complement system plays a critical role in ON pathogenesis, causing barrier disruption, inflammation, and tissue damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of complement activation pathways in ON.
  • To highlight key complement proteins and their involvement in ON.
  • To discuss recent and novel therapeutic strategies targeting the complement system for ON.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on complement pathways in ON.
  • Analysis of key complement proteins (C3, C5) and terminal pathway components.
  • Examination of current and emerging complement-targeted therapies.

Main Results:

  • Classical, alternative, and lectin pathways of complement activation are implicated in ON progression.
  • C3, C5, and terminal pathway components are central to ON pathogenesis.
  • Complement-inhibiting therapies demonstrate promising preclinical and clinical results.

Conclusions:

  • The complement system is a key driver of optic neuritis.
  • Targeted therapies offer new treatment avenues for ON.
  • Further research is needed to refine personalized treatment strategies and understand long-term safety.