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Area of Science:

  • Medical Research
  • Public Health
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a significant health concern.
  • Traditional anthropometric measures like body mass index (BMI) have limitations in assessing OSA risk.
  • Body roundness index (BRI) is a newer metric potentially offering better insights into body composition and health risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between body roundness index (BRI) and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
  • To compare the efficacy of BRI versus body mass index (BMI) in identifying individuals at high risk for OSA.
  • To explore BRI's predictive capability across different population subgroups and conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008 and 2015-2018.
  • Categorized 9,495 participants into high-risk and low-risk OSA groups based on sleep questionnaires.
  • Employed weighted logistic regression, ROC curves, RCS curves, interaction tests, and subgroup analyses to assess BRI's relationship with OSA risk.

Main Results:

  • A positive association was found between BRI and high OSA risk (crude OR=1.23; adjusted OR=3.22 for Q4).
  • Restricted cubic spline curves indicated a non-linear relationship between BRI and OSA risk.
  • Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses demonstrated BRI's superior ability to identify high-risk OSA in normal-weight individuals compared to BMI.

Conclusions:

  • A non-linear, positive correlation exists between BRI and OSA risk.
  • Early monitoring and management of BRI may aid in the early identification and reduction of OSA risk.
  • BRI shows promise as a valuable tool for OSA risk assessment, particularly in certain populations.