Beauty-related Hyaluronic Acid Injection Leading to Iatrogenic Blindness and Post-Thrombolysis Death

Iatrogenic blindness, a rare complication of hyaluronic acid (HA) injections for cosmetic purposes, often occurs during filler injections in the glabellar and nasolabial fold regions. Sudden vision loss during or immediately after HA injection is the primary sign of ophthalmic artery embolism. Enhancing awareness of this critical complication is of great significance, as early diagnosis and appropriate intervention can improve prognosis. This article presents a case reported by doctors at Weifang People's Hospital, where ophthalmic artery embolism occurred after HA filler injection, followed by extensive cerebral infarction and severe complications, ultimately leading to the patient's death due to cerebral herniation and multiple organ failure. The doctors explored the pathogenesis, treatment, and prognosis, and briefly reviewed relevant literature.