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Association between immune cells and allergic purpura: a Mendelian randomization study
Wei Xian1, Huiyi Zhang2, Huasong Zeng3
1Department of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. xianw@mail3.sysu.edu.cn.
Italian Journal of Pediatrics
|April 11, 2025
Summary
This study used Mendelian randomization to investigate the causal link between immune cells and allergic purpura. Findings suggest specific immune cells, HLA-DR on monocytes and CD11b on basophils, may increase the risk of allergic purpura.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Genetics
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Growing evidence links immune cell activity to allergic purpura risk.
- Mendelian randomization (MR) is employed to explore potential causal relationships between immune cell traits and allergic purpura.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the causal effect of specific immune cell phenotypes on the risk of developing allergic purpura.
- To identify immune cell markers that may serve as predictive indicators for allergic purpura.
Main Methods:
- Utilized genetic instrumental variables from a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) for immune cell traits.
- Employed the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method for primary analysis, supported by MR-Egger, weighted median, and MR-PRESSO for sensitivity analyses.
- Analyzed summary statistics for allergic purpura from the FinnGen database (470 cases, 216,099 controls).
Main Results:
- Identified a causal association between higher levels of HLA-DR on CD14+CD16- monocytes and an increased risk of allergic purpura (OR: 1.2379, P=0.0066).
- Found a causal association between higher levels of CD11b on basophils and an increased risk of allergic purpura (OR: 1.2973, P=0.0033).
- Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings.
Conclusions:
- Confirmed a potential causal role for HLA-DR on CD14+CD16- monocytes and CD11b on basophils in the pathogenesis of allergic purpura.
- These immunophenotypes represent potential targets for further investigation into the mechanisms underlying allergic purpura development.
