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The Utilization of Navigation and Emerging Technologies With Endoscopic Spine Surgery: A Narrative Review
Abhinav K Sharma1, Rafael Garcia de Oliveira2, Siravich Suvithayasiri3
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.
Neurospine
|April 11, 2025
Summary
Endoscopic spine surgery (ESS) offers faster recovery and less morbidity than open surgery. This review details navigation technologies like 2D/3D imaging, AR, and robotics to improve ESS accuracy and outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery
- Surgical Navigation Technologies
Background:
- Endoscopic spine surgery (ESS) is increasingly adopted globally.
- ESS offers advantages over open techniques, including faster recovery and reduced morbidity.
- Both uniportal and unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) are utilized in ESS.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review various navigation technologies employed in endoscopic spine surgery.
- To highlight how these technologies aid in localization and assessment of spinal pathology.
- To discuss the integration of patient-specific anatomy with navigation systems.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on navigation technologies in ESS.
- Description of 2D fluoroscopic imaging and navigation.
- Explanation of 3D C-arm navigation, augmented reality, and spinal robotics.
Main Results:
- Navigation technologies enhance anatomic orientation and target assessment in ESS.
- Integration of patient-specific anatomy with navigation improves landmark delineation.
- Emerging technologies facilitate successful endoscopic spine procedures.
Conclusions:
- Navigation systems are crucial for optimizing endoscopic spine surgery.
- Advanced technologies like AR and robotics show promise in ESS.
- Understanding and avoiding pitfalls in navigation system use is essential for successful ESS.
